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Musical gifts and innate

The view that there is a predisposition for music was born because of the differences that occur among children in pre-school approach with the music business, so at first glance seem to have some more ease in carrying them out than others. In this case we think that there are differences in processing mode of musical knowledge, but it makes more sense to think that children simply develop the knowledge previously acquired music differently. Researchers have not yet found a gene responsible for the alleged greater innate musical ability of a person over another, unlike in science is well known that the experiences of children leave a decisive cognitive function. As for hearing, for example, the effects are very early, because the fetus as early as the fourth month has developed a hearing loss, music and sounds of a power greater than 80 decibels can be heard by the fetus, as well as singing the mother or the instrument that sounds. The fetus is proving receptive and seem capable of distinguishing between already known and unknown melodies. The most significant learning occurs in childhood but, above all through the game, mixed with music or with parents who sing to the children. At this point, namely the acquisition by the offspring of musical skills through parents, studies are poorly developed in contrast to what happens in linguistics, but it seems that the workings are the same, so people who have been most encouraged by his parents at age 1-2 will find it easier to carry out activities related to music or language school age. Obviously if the child is measured with a pleasant or successful musical experiences will be encouraged to search for music, through listening, dancing or singing spontaneously, there are also differences between siblings, it seems that despite living the same experiences develop skills and angles.
In any case, the tests measure skills and not the actual musical ability and potential so can not measure the "talent". As a result, are usually seen in children two opposing attitudes: those who believe they have a talent will be more difficult to solve increasingly difficult musical tasks or left the company ("defeatist approach") as opposed to those who think they have no some preparation and will strive constantly to improve their skills ("success orientation") and the analysis of these two behaviors can figure out who will have more improvements in instrumental studies in a short period of time. Such conduct or dismissive attitude of success may be stigmatized teacher, if he encourages the study and the achievement of goals are those who believe "more inclined" to music. It 'been proven that if you say to a teacher that the student has great ability, even if that claim is unfounded, he entrusted him with more challenging tasks.
the innate and in short, a false concept, because an individual has to wonder in what excels over another given the complexity of the musical abilities that exist in contemporary Western society. Musicians, composers, critics, music lovers, singers, arrangers, etc.. often have different skills acquired and developed between them, which often do not coexist in the same person, or at least express themselves in the same individual at a different level, so it is difficult to speak of nativism "selective" to characterize an individual whose capacity from birth as opposed to others.

[usual source is the Encyclopedia of Music, published by Einaudi, vol. 2 "The musical knowledge" (2002)]